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Thomas Hastings (c. 1605 – c. September 15, 1685) was a prominent English immigrant to New England, one of the approximately 20,000 immigrants who came as part of the Great Migration. A Deacon of the church, among his many public offices he served on the Committee of Colony Assessments in 1640 and as Deputy for Watertown to the General Court of Massachusetts in 1673. He held property in nearby Dedham between 1636 and 1639, although there is no evidence that he ever lived there.〔(Family Memorials: Genealogies of the Families and Descendants of the Early Settlers of Watertown, Massachusetts, Vol. I, Henry Bond, Little, Brown & Company, Boston, 1855 )〕 ==Background and family== Hastings and his wife Susan left Ipswich, Suffolk, on ''The Elizabeth'' on April 30, 1634.〔Buckminster, Lydia N.H., ''The Hastings Memorial, A Genealogical Account of the Descendants of Thomas Hastings of Watertown, Mass. from 1634 to 1864'', Boston: Samuel G. Drake Publisher (an undated NEHGS photoduplicate of the 1866 edition), 5.〕 Although his home in England is unknown, the make-up of their ship's company strongly suggests that he was from East Anglia and perhaps from the counties of Suffolk or Norfolk.〔Thompson, Roger, ''Mobility & Migration, East Anglian Founders of New England, 1629-1640'', Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1994.〕 The only major genealogy to treat the family, ''The Hastings Memorial'' (Boston, 1866), states that he was of noble birth by descent from the illustrious family that included the Earl of Huntingdon line. He is not known to have claimed such a connection in his lifetime and there is no record to substantiate this supposed connection and much to argue against it. The surname is generally habitational and may derive from the English town of Hastings, Sussex.〔(Hastings name meaning, Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4, Ancestry.com )〕 After the death of his first wife in 1650, Hastings married Margaret Cheney of Roxbury and together they had eight children. Remarkably for the day and given such a large brood, they all survived their parents. In 1671, their 19-year-old first son, Thomas, Jr., was accused of fathering a child out of wedlock and the Hastings and Woodward families (who came to America together on the same ship 37 years before) became embroiled in a highly embarrassing paternity suit before the Middlesex County Court. Intimate relations outside of marriage were not simply frowned upon but potentially criminal. The social and political ramifications were foreboding too for Deacon Thomas, who was not only a leader in the church but serving as a selectman, town clerk and town meeting moderator during the controversy.〔(Divided We Stand: Watertown, Massachusetts, 1630–1680, Roger Thompson, University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, Mass., 2001, ISBN 1-55849-304-2 )〕 While the younger Thomas denied the relationship and asserted another was the father, Susannah Woodward was quite forthright about their alleged liaisons and “for all of which miscarriages ... she craved forgiveness.”〔Thompson, Roger, ''Sex in Middlesex, Popular Mores in a Massachusetts County, 1649-1699'', Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1986, 30. 〕 Although paternity could not be established, circumstantial evidence and hearsay led to an order that Thomas, Jr., pay for maintenance of the child and his father assumed the financial responsibility. Then, like today, his father’s standing in the community brought relative leniency. The younger Thomas married Anna Hawkes a year later after moving 150 miles west to the Connecticut River Valley and settling in the village of Hatfield, Massachusetts.〔(A History of Hatfield, Massachusetts, in Three Parts, Daniel White Wells, Reuben Field Wells, Published by F. C. H. Gibbons, Springfield, Massachusetts, 1910 )〕 He became a respected doctor which must have been a relief to his father who was to say later, “I have been at great charge to bring him up to be a Scholar and I hope he will live well by his arts and learning.” Dr. Thomas practiced medicine for some 40 years and served as town clerk for two decades. His was a frontier practice and as such, he treated many injuries sustained in skirmishes with the Indians and also wrote one of the best contemporary records of the devastating 1704 attack on nearby Deerfield. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thomas Hastings (colonist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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